Phase shifting and time delay are closely related. The first one is a process that occurs when a sound wave is reflected. These reflections might happen for several types of waves, including those on strings and light. The second refers to the process that records an input signal to a storage medium and then plays…
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The Haas effect, aka the precedence effect, is a binaural psychoacoustical effect. It explains how, when a sound follows another sound separated by a short time delay, listeners perceive it as a single auditory event. This phenomenon dates back to 1949. The first description of this effect appeared in The Precedence Effect in Sound Localization by Wallach, Newman, and Rosenzweig. The Physics…
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Subtractive synthesis, also known as analog synthesis, emerged around 1960—the same time the analog synthesizers did. Many of these synthesizers use the analog technique to produce sounds. The kind we’re talking about today here involves three main components: oscillator, filter, and amplifier. The Components of Subtractive Synthesis In the following paragraphs we’ll explain the three of…
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Granular synthesis is a type of audio synthesis that breaks a sound into small particles. After that, this process reorganizes the particles in order to create a new sound. In short, it is a sound manipulation technique that involves sound grouping, pitch control, and speed control. A Little Bit of History: Granular Synthesis Around 1946,…
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Wavetable synthesis is a technique that produces natural sounds. When the sound comes from an actual musical instrument, the process separates a single note into a sequence of wavetables. Analog Oscillators Analog oscillators offered four basic oscillator waveforms until a new form of audio synthesis appeared. Around 1970, Waldorf Music Company launched the PPG wave…
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Additive synthesis is one of the oldest and most researched types of audio synthesis. This technique was first used with church organs to accurately control the register-stops, as well as with the keyboard. The operation was quite simple. By pressing the keyboard’s keys and pulling several register-stops in different positions, the air released into the…
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Physical modeling synthesis refers to sound synthesis methods in which a mathematical model calculates the waveform of the sound to be produced. This approach also uses a set of equations and algorithms to mimic the physical source of a sound. It uses partial differential equations, as well as the laws of acoustics, to describe the physical structure of a musical instrument. In…
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Linear Arithmetic Synthesis, or LA synthesis, is a type of audio synthesis. In particular, this one is backed up by the theory that the attack transient of a sound is essential for human perception. It uses a combination of simple digital oscillators and sampled attack transients. The oscillators involve pulse and saw-tooth waveforms to produce…
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To understand phase distortion synthesis, we must first go back to its basics. Casio company created phase distortion, or PD. This company engineers launched the original idea for the CZ series of synthesizers, which involved a Cosmo Synth System. Isao Tomita later perfected the Cosmo Synth System. He was a Japanese synthesis-composer and one of…
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Sample-based synthesis is a type of audio synthesis that uses either hardware or software samplers. The process involves the use of instruments or sampled sounds as the basis for its sounds. Sample-Bases Synthesis: the History Before digital sampling became popular, machines used analog tape decks to playback sampled sounds. Machines evolved and more powerful samplers appeared.…
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